Materi 7 : MODAL AUXILIARIES

What are "modal auxiliary verbs"?

The verbs can, could, will, would, should, may, might, must, ought and shall are verbs which 'help' other verbs to express a meaning: it is important to realise that these "modal verbs" have no meaning by themselves. A modal verb such as would has several varying functions; it can be used, for example, to help verbs express ideas about the past, the present and the future. It is therefore wrong to simply believe that "would is the past of will": it is many other things.

Bentuk dan Penggunaan Modal Auxiliaries

Modals adalah auxiliary verbs (kata kerja bantu). Secara umum modalauxiliaries digunakan untuk mengekspresikan  sikap atau suasana hati si pembicara. Contohnya, modal auxiliaries dapat mengekspresikan bahwa si pembicara merasakan bahwa sesuatu tersebut merupakannecessary (kebutuhan), advisable (baik untuk dilakukan), permissible(diizinkan/ diperbolehkan), atau possible (mungkin untuk dilakukan).

Bentuk Modal Auxiliaries	Keterangan
Can Could Will Would May Might Must Should Shall Ought to	Modals harus diikuti dengan kata kerja bentuk pertama (VERB 1). Tidak perlu menambahkan akhiran -s/-es walaupun Subject nya: He, She, It Contoh: He can fix this She can fix this. Pengecualian untuk modals: ought to, memang diikuti dengan infinitive “to” kemudian diikuti dengan kata kerja bentuk pertama (VERB 1). Contoh: She ought to go to the market.

Fungsi dan Contoh Modal Auxiliaries

Modal Auxiliaries	Fungsi
Can/ Could (bisa/ dapat)	To ask for permission. Contoh: Can/ Could I use your cell phone? To express polite request. Contoh: Could you get me some water, please? To express ability to do something. Contoh: I can speak English.
Will/ Would (akan)	To express polite request. Contoh: Will you buy me a candy, please? To express intention. Contoh: I will finish my work soon. To express prediction. Contoh: It will rain this afternoon.
Would	To express more polite request Contoh: Would you pass the book, please? To express probability Contoh: That would be his brother in front of my house.
May/ Might (boleh/ mungkin)	To express more formal permission Contoh: May I meet your wife, sir? To express prohibition Contoh: You may not smoke here. To show possibility Contoh: She may join the English Club. To express wish Contoh: May God bless you all the time.
Must/ Have to (harus/ pasti)	To talk about necessity Contoh: I must/ have to buy some foods for breakfast. To express obligation Contoh: They must/ have to obey the medical rules. To express prohibition Contoh: You must not eat in the office. To express conclusion Contoh: Brian got a bad score. He must be a lazy student.
Should(seharusnya)	To express advice or suggestion Contoh: You should go to the doctor.
Shall (akan/ sebaiknya)	To express obligation Contoh: The staff shall give the weather report every day.

CATATAN:

Kita tidak perlu menambahkan do atau don’t ketika menggunakanmodals dalam kalimat tanya dan kalimat negatif, contohnya:

You must not talk in the exam.

Should we submit the task now?

 Sumber :

http://bahasainggrisonlines.blogspot.com/2012/12/modal-auxiliaries.html

http://library.bcu.ac.uk/learner/Grammar%20Guides/3.07%20Modals.htm