Pengertian
Connectors
adalah kata penghubung atau conjunction memiliki 3 jenis yaitu :
1.
Coordinating
Connectors
Adalah kata hubung yang digunakan untuk
menghubungkan dua konstruksi gramatikal yang sama yaitu: kata, frasa (phrase),
atau klausa (clause). Elemen yang dihubungkan tersebut biasanya bersifat
paralel (kedudukannya sejajar) secara struktur gramatikal. Kata hubung ini
sering digunakan pada compound sentence untuk menghubungkan dua independent
clause.
Punctuation
(Tanda Baca) pada Coordinate Connectors
Jika
coordinate connectors digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua independent clause di
dalam suatu compound sentence, maka tanda baca koma (comma) ditempatkan tepat
sebelum kata hubung tersebut.
Contoh
Punctuation pada Coordinate Connectors:
-
I
love running and swimming. (antar verb)
-
Rita
and I arrived this morning, and we just left 10 minutes ago. (antar independent
clause)
Berikut
tabel dari Coordinate Connectors
Coordinate
Connectors
|
Keterangan
|
Contoh Kalimat
|
For
(karena)
|
For diikuti
reason (alasan)
|
He
didn’t come last night, for he fell asleep.
|
And
(dan)
|
And menyatakan
hubungan penambahan
|
The
trainees laughed and cried simultaneously.
Richard
and Nando wake up at 5:00 am, and they go to school at 6:30 am.
|
Nor
(tidak juga dan tidak)
|
Nor sering didahului negative element
|
He
didn’t answer my call, nor did him friends when I called them last night.
|
But
(tapi, namun)
|
But
untuk menyatakan pertentangan
|
The
woman helped in sincerity, but many people thought negatively about her.
|
Or
(atau)
|
Or
untuk menyatakan alternatif
|
What
do you prefer to stay at home or go to the cinema on this weekend?
|
Yet
(meskipun, demikian)
|
Yet
untuk menyatakan pertentangan dan semakna
“nevertheless” atau “but”
|
The
book is thick, yet the text is large.
|
So
(jadi, oleh karena itu)
|
So semakna
“therefore” dan diikuti result (hasil, konsekuensi)
|
Andien
has lived in London for more than five years, so she can speak English well.
|
2.
Subordinating
Connectors (cause connector, misal: because, because of)
Adalah
kata hubung yang mengawali suatu subordinate clause (berupa adverbial clause)
yang berfungsi membangun hubungan ide antara subordinate clause tersebut dengan
main clause. Adapun gabungan antara dependent dan main clause menghasilkan
complex sentence.
Subordinate connectors digunakan pada
subordinate clause, yaitu bagian yang idenya kurang penting dibanding pada main
clause. Connectors ini memiliki antara lain hubungan waktu (time), tempat
(place), pertentangan (contrast), sebab akibat (cause-effect), syarat
(condition), tujuan (reason), dan cara (manner).
Berikut
tabel Subordinate dengan hubungan waktu (time), tempat (place) dan pertentangan
(contrast)
Hubungan
|
Subordinate Connectors
|
Contoh Kalimat
|
TIME (waktu)
|
After (setelah)
|
After I changed the
APN, I unpluged my modem and waited for 5 minutes.
|
As (ketika,
sementara)
As soon as (segera,
setelah)
|
As soon as they finish filling the questionnaire,
I will process the data.
| |
When (ketika)
|
Anna found so much expired food when
she was cleaning the kitchen.
| |
Before (sebelum)
|
Before she went to Jakarta, she got her
flowers watered.
| |
Since
(sejak)
|
Since the boy
bought a PS3, he forgot to study.
| |
Until/till (sampai)
|
The
students focused on the test until/till the time was over.
| |
Whenever (kapan saja,
sewaktu – waktu)
|
You can come to my house whenever you
want.
| |
While (ketika,
sementara)
|
While I was studying in my room, I didn’t
let someone else to disturb.
| |
PLACE (tempat)
|
Where (dimana)
|
Nobody
knows where she lives now.
|
Wherever (dimanapun)
|
We
should be polite and pleasant wherever we live
| |
CONTRAST
(pertentangan)
|
Although/even
though/ though (meskipun)
|
She
goes forward such a tank although / even though / though many friends
confronts her ambition.
|
While (meskipun)
|
While I’m annoyed,
I try to think positively.
| |
Even
if
(kalaupun)
|
Even
if
Bima is not qualified enough to enter the top university, he’ll try again
next year.
| |
Whereas (sebaliknya,
sedangkan)
|
I
like doing execise whereas my brother like sleeping.
|
3.
Correlative
Connectors (Not only…but also, either or…neither nor, both…and)
Adalah
kata hubung yang digunakan berpasangan untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara dua
kata, frasa (phrase), atau klausa (clause). Elemen kalimat yang dihubungkan
biasanya bersifat paralel (ke dudukannya sejajar) secara struktur gramatikal.
Kata hubung ini disebut juga paired connectors.
Berikut
tabel Correlative Connectors
Correlative Connectors
|
Contoh Kalimat
|
As … as …
(se - …)
|
Diana is as beautiful as her
sister.
|
Beetwen … and …
(diantara … dan …)
|
There are no difference beetwen you and him.
|
Both … and …
(baik … maupun …)
|
She loves both swimming and
running.
|
Neither … and …
(tidak … atau …)
|
The man is neither handsome nor
faithful.
|
Either … or …
(entah … atau …)
|
Either Nisa or her mother is a scientist.
|
From … to …
(dari … ke …)
|
I travelled from England to Rome
in three days.
|
Hardly … when …
(hampir … ketika …)
|
Hardly had you left
the restaurant when the party was
started.
|
If … then …
(jika … ketika/lebih baik …)
|
If you help him
now, then he’ll repay oneday.
|
Not only … but also …
(tidak hanya … tetapi juga …)
|
He can drive not only a car but also
a helicopter.
|
The more … the less …
(semakin banyak … semakin sedikit …)
|
The
more
we learn grammar, the less we face
the difficulty in writing.
|
Whether … or …
(apakah … atau …)
|
I’m confused whether to live in Jakarta or
to live in Bandung.
|
Sumber
:
https://rizqialextoramadhan.wordpress.com/2012/06/12/5-coordinate-connector-toefl-skill/
http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-contoh-kalimat-coordinate-conjunctions
http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-contoh-kalimat-subordinate-conjunctions
http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-contoh-kalimat-correlative-conjunctions
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